Apneea la nou-născut – probleme de diagnostic și tratament

Abstract

Respiratory apnoea represents respiratory cessation having duration of 20 seconds, or respiratory cessation with bradicardya and/or cyanosis. Around 25% from all newborns below 2500 grams and 80% from those below 1000 grams experience apnoeas. This paper presents an overview of the main structures involved in apnoea and its main mechanisms. Hypoxia is followed by decrease in newborn ventilation. Prematur’s central nervous system is immature. The brainstem of premature born between 33 and 38 weeks is not so developed comparing with those born at term because in the last part of gestation there are ongoing maturation processes. There are described in detail the main causes of apnoea at newborn and premature infant. Monitorization represents the main method of evaluation of neonatal apnoea. We present modalities of evaluation of newborn with apnoea as well treatment possibilities.