Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT). A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is one of the most advanced and innovative wood-based construction products of the latest decades. Research on this product is still ongoing, and various institutions, companies, and scientists are making new contributions in this field. The present paper is part of the trend of finding new elements that will lead to the expansion of the market and the continued use of this product. The paper provides a synthesis of research in the CLT field, taking into account a series of aspects related to the working technique, wood species and materials often used, as well as their main physical and mechanical properties. Also, some standardisation elements and good practice guidelines are highlighted, without forgetting the assembly part with own joints or specific metal connectors. The main applications of CLT in the construction of multi-story houses based on wood are also emphasised, including floors and ceilings, side and intermediate walls, and even in roofs. Furthermore, the paper discusses some elements of challenges and limitations, recent innovations and current trends, and especially elements of sustainability and life cycle assessment of the global circular economy. The final conclusion of the study is that this product is still in its early stages that coming years will benefit from the construction of light, ecological houses using wood materials such as the CLT structural composite.