Physiotherapy for Children with Microcephaly and Psychomotor Delay

Abstract

Microcephaly is a brain developmental disorder characterized by reduced brain size, associated with abnormalities in cell proliferation. Pathophysiological analysis of this condition highlights the mechanisms by which the adequate generation of neurons, a process essential for establishing brain size and organization, is disrupted. Genetic studies have demonstrated that primary mutations involved in microcephaly frequently affect genes encoding centrosome proteins, suggesting a critical role for them in neurogenesis. Centrosomal dysfunction disrupts cell division, leading to abnormal cortical development, making microcephaly a key model for studying cortical formation and neuronal regulation.