Phospholipids in Cottonseed Oil and Degumming Methods

Abstract

Phospholipids are categorized into two types: hydratable phospholipids and non-hydratable phospholipids. This study examines the hydratable and non-hydratable phospholipids in cottonseed oil, as well as the types of degumming and their impact on the content of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium. During water degumming, hydratable phospholipids are removed, but non-hydratable phospholipids remain. Water-hydratable phospholipids constitute 78-83% of the total phospholipids in cottonseed oil. However, water degumming does not sufficiently reduce the cottonseed oil’s phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium content. Acid degumming reduced the phosphorus content by 17.1 mg.kg^-1, calcium by 11.1 mg.kg^-1, and magnesium by 14.2 mg.kg^-1. The total degumming process significantly reduced the levels of accompanying substances in cottonseed oil. After the total degumming process, the phosphorus content was less than 12.4 mg.kg^-1, calcium was 7.4 mg.kg^-1, and magnesium was reduced to 1.1 mg.kg^-1.