Jurnal Medical Brasovean

Curs educațional în domeniul vaccinologiei

Liliana Rogozea — 2010-01-04

No abstract

Obezitatea și insuficiența cardiacă

Mariana Rădoi — 2010-01-04

The relationship between obesity, structural abnormalities of the heart, and miocardial dysfunction were recently described as “obesity cardiomiopathy” occurring in the absence of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Recent data shows high risk in the development of heart failure in obese and overweight subjects. The pathogenic mechanisms of myocardial dysfunction in obese people are multiple and include abnormalities of adipocitokine levels, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation.

Statinele - o clasă terapeutică cunoscută cu efecte pleiotrope noi

Oana Andreescu — 2010-01-04

The statin class are drugs typically used as anticholesterol medication. The word pleiotropic has become synonymous with clinical benefits beyond the effects of the drug on lipoproteins. Currently believed nonlipid-related pharmacological proprieties of statis include halting of atherosclerosis, antioxidant effects, anti-inflamatory effects, imunosuppressive activity, inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy, antiviral effect.

Corelații clinico-imagistice în boala Perthes

Liviu Muntean — 2010-01-04

LPC disease is characterized by poor clinical symptoms with reduced expression imaging in the initial stages, but with spectacular consequences and infirmity at distance. In time it looked and established different associations between minimal symptoms and imaging (X-rays in particular) in an attempt to detect and treat this disease as early as possible in hope of improving evolution and prognosis.

Patogeneza infecției pneumococice la copil

Oana Falup-Pecurariu — 2010-01-04

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains one of the major pathogens for both children and adults, causing acute otitis, pneumonia and meningitis. The pneumococcal infection is strictly linked to the carriage and the virulence factors, as well as, to the host defense mechanisms. We review the most important virulence factors due to the polysaccharide capsule, the cell wall fragments, choline binding proteins, adhesion, phase variation, pathogenicity islands as well as the host defense mechanisms represented by the immune answer, complement system, cell response, iron and adaptative immunity. Streptococcus pneumoniae despite all the improvement in medical technology has a lot of unsolved questions.

Patogenia sindromului antifosfolipidic

Claudia Gavriș — 2010-01-04

Thrombosis is the defining feature of Hughes syndrome. Simple thrombosis does not explain many of the syndrome`s aspects, however, and it is possible that anticoagulation will prove to be an incomplete, insufficient treatment for many of its symptoms. We do not yet understand the pathogenesis of, and cannot assume the effectiveness of anticoagulation for livedo, valvulopathy, cognitive dysfunction, or renal thrombotic microangiopathy. We know that aPL arises years if not decades before clinical illness, a fact that encourages us to maintain clear distinctions between etiological agents and triggers of clinical events and between aPL and Hughes syndrome itself. The risk in a given circumstance for a new thrombosis, the effects of contributing factors, such as smoching,oral contraceptive treatment , or surgery on thrombosis risk remain to be defined.We now know about the binding properties of aPL;the relationships between aPL and β2-glycoprotein I and antibodies to other phospholipid binding proteins, such as prothrombin;and the roles in the syndrome of plasmin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, complement activation, endothelial cell and platelet activation.

Etiopatogenia bolii Legg-Perthes-Calve, o necunoscută la un secol de la prima descriere

Liviu Muntean — 2010-01-04

Legge-Calve-Perthes disease, named after the three authors who have described it simultaneously at the beginning of twentieth century in USA, Germany and France, today is a topical subject and will continue to be one of the most common disease of the child’s hip and one of the least understood and yet unknown of pediatric diseases. Attempts to find a cause of the disease lasts for almost a century, which makes any so far there is no single theory, fully satisfactory in terms of pathogenic mechanism. Existing theories partly explains the disease cause and in principle there is more contradictions in theories than arguments. Currently gaining more and more land hypothesis that the disease may in fact be located manifestation of a generalized disorders at physeal cartilage in susceptible children.

Patterns of immunofluorescence in chronic hepatitis

Daniela Neculoiu — 2010-01-04

Viral infections are a major health problem worldwide and viral hepatitis is a particular threat in our country. Autoimmunity may be observed in chronic viral hepatitis, in particular in hepatitis C and D,with a lesser extend in hepatitis B. However, the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis is still poorly understood. It is unknown to what extent autoimmune mechanisms contribute to the tissue damage in viral hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis infection has been associated with a panel of auto-antibodies shared with other chronic autoimmmune liver disease, especially with autoimmune. The presence of these autoantibodies in chronic viral hepatitis generates clinical overlaps and dilemmmas in the correct classification and treatment of such patients. Screening of autoantibodies is ussualy perform by indirect immunofluorescence, pattern of immunoflfluorescence is important to categorize autoantibody.

Bioluminescent viability test system in cell cultures for cytotoxicity assays

Tamás Kőszegi — 2010-01-04

In most tissue culture cytotoxicity assays ATP determination is used for the estimation of the number of viable cells. However, the ATP assessment technique itself does not necessarily reflect viability correctly because ATP turnover is extremely rapid in living cells and intracellular ATP may decrease without the ultimate death of the cells. On the other hand, cell protein changes more slowly and the ATP/protein ratio should be a better indicator for cell viability than ATP alone. In our study we worked out a model system where MDCK monolayer tissue culture cells were treated with NaF and cell viability was monitored by bioluminescent determining of ATP referred to cell protein. Our results showed a dose dependent cellular response to NaF expressed as ATP/protein ratio. We also analyzed the morphology of actin filaments by phalloidin-FITC staining. Our model seems to be more suitable for testing cytotoxic agents than ATP measurement alone.

Eficiența imatinibului ca primă linie terapeutică în faza cronică a leucemiei mieloide cronice

Alina Roșca — 2010-01-04

The purpose of the targeted therapy with imatinib (glivec) in CML is to induce a complete hematological response (RHC) after 3 months, a complete cytogenetic response after 12 months and major molecular response after 18 months. The aim of this study was to analyse the rates of cytogenetic response and the correlation relative risc-cytogenetic response. In this study imatinib as a first line therapy was used at 26 patients (11 females and 15 males). The cytogenetic exam made at 6 months showed that 64,7% of patients achieved RCM, while at 12 months 76.9% of patients achieved RCM . The average period to follow the patients was 21,8 months (minimum 6 months – maximum 72 months), the survival rate being 96,15%. In conclusion, imatinib as a first line therapy associated with the use of the criteria for monitoring and treatment recommended by European LeukemiaNet optimize the results and improve the overall survival. The results of this study should be analyzed with the mention of the limited number of cases as a first line therapy.

Evaluarea perceptual-acustică în patologia vocii cântate: scala GRBAS

Ioana Popescu — 2010-01-04

Traditional perceptual voice evaluation relies on the listener to make a subjective judgement on the type and severity of the dysphonic quality voice. GRBAS scale is typically used by clinicians to rate voice quality in patients who complain of dysphonia. The aim of this study is to verify the clinical applicability of GRBAS scale, to compare obtained scores before and after vocal therapy and to compare the findings with literature.

Indexul de handicap vocal – aplicabilitate clinică

Ioana Popescu — 2010-01-04

The assessment of voice disorders is a challenging task. The self-perception of voice handicap appears to be an important clinical tool. The Voice Handicap Index (VHI) is one of the most used questionnaires, that has been developed to help patients and clinicians to manage a voice disorder. The aim of this study is to verify the clinical applicability of VHI for singing voice users with voice complaints, to find out the scores they obtained at VHI and to compare the findings with literature.

Scarlatina – aspecte epidemiologice actuale

Maria-Elena Cocuz — 2010-01-04

Scarlet fever is a contagious disease, produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, with respiratory transmission by contaminated air, hands and objects. Susceptibility to the disease is greater in childhood, especially in kinder-garten and in schools. The aim of this study was to emphasize some epidemiological aspects of the cases admitted with scarlet fever in Infectious Diseases Hospital of Brasov in period 2004-2007. The disease was present every year, mainly to children (98,7% cases), more frequently in urban (78% cases) and without significant differences between boys and girls ( 52,59% and 47,41% cases).

Variații ale activității NADH2-Citocrom-C-reductazei la nivelul ficatului

Antonela Chișcă — 2010-01-04

The NADH2-citocrome-c-reductase activity was studied on laboratory animals (rats). The animals used were investigated in different stages of feeding – restrictive or varied food. It has been compared the behaviour of the animals in these two moments and also the insensity of the NADH2-citocrom-c-reductase in liver.

Activitatea NADH2-citocrom-C-reductazei la nivelul peretelui intestinului subțire

Ligia Neica — 2010-01-04

Through histochemical and histoenzimological methods it has been studied the activity of NADH2-citocrom-c-reductase în the small intestine wall with all its component tunics but there were differences on the analysis depending on the type of cells and the intestinal segment.

Ontogeneza microvascularizației mușchiului rectus abdominis

Lazar Onisâi — 2010-01-04

This study is based on medical literature informations, according to whom the vascularity of the Rectus Abdominis muscle is a rich one deriving from both segmentary and logitudinaly arteries. The most important, the longitudinaly arteries are the superior, the inferior and the superficial epigastric arteries, the superficial and the circumflex iliac arteries and the preperitoneal arteries. This study’s objective is to observe the evolution of the vascular elements by comparison with the evolution of the other elements at this level.

Structura histologică a tecii mușchiului rectus abdominis

Lazăr Onisâi — 2010-01-04

The purpose of this study – part of a large study about the devellopment and morphology of the Rectus Abdominis muscle and the adjacent structures – is to obtain new informations about the sheath of the Rectus Abdominis muscle, specially about the posterior layer of this sheath, with the four types of structure: muscular, musculo-conjunctiv, conjunctiv-muscular, conjunctiv.

Mecanisme pineale responsabile în declanșarea pubertății

Lazăr Onisâi — 2010-01-04

Epiphisis gets its shape as an diecefalic primordium, but its development is slow. After birth it has a histological aspect where the photoreceptor cells are allmost typical. In the first years, the number of the cells are increasing and the epiphisis is made of 2 different cells type. The aging of the epiphisis is progressive and will be over at the end of puberty.

Sindromul anemic în practica curentă a secțiilor medicale

Raluca Badea — 2010-01-04

In internal medicine, the hypoproliferative or iron-deficiency anemia is the most common and important mechanism of the anemia disease. Furtheremore, the pattern of the anemia can be of considerable value in diagnosis and management.

Rolul reactanților de faza acută în etiologia infecțiilor virale și bacteriene

Cristina Zavarache — 2010-01-04

Infections continue to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite major progresses in this field. The aim of this study is to analyse inflammatory tests based on infection’s type. We performed a retrospective study based on 74 children with viral infections and 40 with bacterial infection. The main conclusion is that C-reactive protein is has the higher sensibility and specificity compared with other inflammatory tests.

Modificările histopatologice prezente la nivelul parodontiului de înveliș în unele forme de boală la tineri

Andrada Nicolau — 2010-01-04

Îmbunătățirea practicilor de prescriere la vârstnici

Andrea Neculau — 2010-01-04

Prescribing is an important part o care delivered to the elderly. But the way we prescribe critically affect the outcome of the patient. Adverse reactions to drugs can cause death and hospitalization. Figures from USA are showing an increase of death rates consecutive to adverse reaction to drugs situating them on the fourth position after coronary heart disease, cancer and stroke. Elderly are prone to experience adverse reactions to different drugs due to their particularities in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. It is also important to consider that elderly have multiple co- morbidities that require multiple drug association that can increase the risk. Patients may also be prescribed drugs from several sources (multiple doctors, multiple hospitals). The use of OTC is frequently disconsidered. Preoccupation in improving prescription in the elderly has led to the development of some instruments. Some of them are analyzed in this review. There are also some recommendations for improving prescribing practices for this category of patients.

Este demența Alzheimer supradiagnosticată?

Elena Călinescu — 2010-01-04

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease known as the most common form of dementia among older people (people over age 65). Clinical signs of Alyheimer’s disease are characterised by progressive cognitive deterioration, together with declining activities of daily living and by neuropsyhiatric symptoms or behavioral changes. The goal of this project was to determine the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease as a distinct clinical and anatomicopathological entity among other types of dementia, at the patients hospitalized in the neurology and psychiatry sections from Braşov city. From the 313 patients with dementia, hospitalized between 1 january 2004–31 july 2005, 63,26% (198 patients) were found with Alzheimer dementia.

Utilizarea anticorpilor monoclonali în carcinoamele de parotidă - prezentare de caz

Daniel Ciurescu — 2010-01-04

Salivary gland cancers make up 1-5% of head and neck oncologic pathology. Because of the low incidence and heterogenity of histiotypes, no standard treatment, based on large randomised trials is available. Immunohistochemistry profiling may help find therapeutic targets and improve the outlook in some patients. This is a case report of a 37 years old male patient, diagnosed in 2006 with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the left parotid gland who underwent radical surgery in February, after which he received radiochemotherapy. He developed metastasis with different treatment: chemotherapy, radiation therapy, target therapy. By presenting the benefits of Herceptin treatment, this case report emphasizes the importance of establishing the tumor cell’s molecular profile in rare malignancies, because it may offer the posibility of a targeted therapy, with minimum toxicity and maximum antineoplastic activity that may change the outlook in some patients.

Cardiomiopatia dilatativă - prezentare de caz

Maria Mitrica — 2010-01-04

Dilatative cardiomiopathy (DCM) is a medical condition which is characterized by myocardial disfunction with low cardiac output and low myocardial contractions, cardiomegaly, congestive heart failure, arithmias and death. The literature describe an idiopathic form of DCM and secondary form due to viral miocarditis, HIV infection, thalasemia, thiamin deficiency etc.