Beethoven’s “Kreutzer” Sonata No. 9 for Piano and Violin in A-Major, Op. 47

Abstract

The Sonata for Piano and Violin No.9, Opus 47, known as the “Kreutzer” by Ludwig van Beethoven is composed of three movements: the first, Presto, in a-minor, is in sonata form and is preceded by a slow introduction, Adagio Sostenuto, the second, Andante con Variazioni, is a theme and variations in the key of F-major with a coda. The last movement, Presto, is an upbeat rondo in 6/8 meter in the character of an Italian tarantella, with its development in sonata form. The “Kreutzer” Sonata is one of the most impressive and challenging works in the violin repertoire.