Therapeutic Function of Music: A structured plan and worksheet for anxiety patients

Abstract

Music therapy is increasingly recognized as an effective intervention for various medical and psychological conditions. Central to this practice is the Therapeutic Function of Music (TFM) theory, which employs musical elements within a structured framework to achieve specific therapeutic outcomes. Building on Hanson-Abromeit’s TFM Plan and its ante-hoc worksheet, the present study introduces a preliminary model for applying receptive music therapy to patients experiencing anxiety—both state anxiety and anxiety disorders. A theoretical worksheet was developed by integrating insights from a comprehensive literature review, aligning treatment aims with relevant theoretical frameworks and musical elements such as tempo, harmony, form, melody, and rhythm. The worksheet aims to provide clinicians with a structured, evidence-based approach for developing personalized playlists in receptive music therapy. This structured approach enhances information sharing among practitioners, fostering the standardization and optimization of receptive music therapy for anxiety management.