Assessment of the Etiological Spectrum of Urinary Infections in Diabetic Patients and of the Resistance Patterns of the Uropathogenic Germs Involved

Abstract

The aim of the retrospective-descriptive study consisted of the analysis of the spectrum of urinary infections and antimicrobial resistance of the uropathogenic bacteria involved in diabetic patients. The etiological spectrum was wide, being dominated by Escherichia coli (67,68%), Klebsiella sp. (14,14%), Proteus sp. (7,07%), and Enterococcus sp. (6,31%). Enterobacteriaceae had higher percentages of resistance to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, quinolones, and cephalosporines, antibiotics frequently used in the therapy of urinary infections but also of other infections in diabetics. Over 50% of Enterococcus strains were resistant to fluoroquinolones. The detection of the carbapenem-resistant strains (imipenem – 8% and meropenem – 10,2%) is worrying. Colistin, carbapenems, and amikacin were most effective in vitro against Gram-negative bacilli and linezolid, vancomycin, and teicoplanin, in the case of Gram-positive cocci. The study results reveal the importance of monitoring the etiological spectrum and the resistance to antibiotics of the germs involved in urinary infections in diabetic patients, for the initiation of an effective therapy and the optimal management of the cases.